Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка - В. Каушанская

THE CONJUNCTION

Exercise 1. State the morphological composition oi the following conjunctions:

For, as well as, unless, now that, and, neither... nor, while, although, not only... but also, provided, as though, supposing, no sooner... than, or, so that, if, both... and, as long as, so, either... or, as... as, when, until, before, after, as if, as soon as, lest, for fear that, notwithstanding, nor.

Exercise 2. Point out all the coordinating conjunctions and define the group each belongs to.

1. The stranger had not gone far, so he made after him to ask the name. (Dickens)2. Be quick, or it may be too late. (Dickens)3....real accuracy and purity she neither possessed, nor in any number of years would acquire. (Ch. Bronte)4....Mrs. Septimus Small let fall no word, neither did she question June about him. (Galsworthy)5. The river was not high, so there was not more than a two or three mile current. (Twain)6. It seemed to him that he could contrive to secure for her the full benefit of both his life insurance and his fire insurance... (Wells) 7. Karl is solid and extremely certain of himself, while Joseph on the other hand, though no less certain of himself, is a good deal less solid. (Saroyan)8. He could see no one, and he began to believe that either his instinct had deceived him, or else that the shadowing was over. (Greene)9. But for a long time we did not see any lights, nor did we see the shore, but rowed steadily in the dark riding with the waves. (Hemingway)

Exercise 3. Point out all the subordinating conjunctions and say what kind of subordinate clauses they introduce.

1. She stood quite silent while Butler appealed to her. (Dreiser) 2. Since Miss Wilfer rejected me, I have never again urged my suit. (Dickens)3. Whenever I looked at Susan she gave me a frank full-hearted smile. (Braine) 4. So the tiny woman closed the shutter of the cottage window and fastened the door, and trembling from head to root for fear that any one should suspect her, opened a very secret place, and showed the Princess a shadow. (Dickens)5. And yet tired though he was after his three long days, Soames dreaded the moment when the car should stop. (Galsworthy)6. I extinguished my taper, locked my bureau, and left her, since she would not leave me. (Ch. Bronte)7. Once they reached the open country the car leapt forward like a mad thing. (Murdoch)8. He was a tall fellow with a very wide mouth and prematurely bald in front, so that he appeared to have a colossal forehead. (Priestley) 9. The reference was as plain as it was unexpected. (Clark)10. Early as he was, another man was there before him. (Dreiser)11. We're as we're made. (Maugham)12. They were all smiling wid'ely at me as I came toward them. (/. Shaw)13. He was a fattish, worried, untidy man, always looking as if he had slept in the expensive clothes he wore. (Priestley) 14. Mr. Pancks has come down into the Yard to-night, on purpose that you should hear him. (Dickens)15. The most I can say now is that it is very cold in San Francisco, and I am freezing. (Saroyan)16. Give me your promise that this shall be done. (Priestley) 17. In that small room he seemed even bigger than I remembered him. (Maugham)18. Whatever I intend to do I'll do without advice from the outside. (Dreiser)19. Breakfast was not yet over before the men came to put up the marquee. (Mansfield)20. He prized the pencil, because it had been a gift from his mother. (Warren)21. As soon as he had gone, I looked at the clock. (Snow)22. After a sleepless night, he [Cowperwood] wrote his resignation to the chairman of the board of directors, in order that he should be prepared to hand it to him at once. (Dreiser)

THE PARTICLE

Exercise 1. Point out the particles and define the group each belongs to.

1. It is just because I want to save my soul that I am marrying for money. (Shaw) 2. Rosa feared this power, but she enjoyed it too. (Murdoch)3. Oh, doctor, do you think there is any chance? Can she possibly survive this last terrible complication? (Shaw)4, We merely want to see the girl and take her away. (Dreiser)5. I shall also try to be there at ten. (Wells)6. Don't come any nearer. You're at just the right distance. (Bennett)7. He had taken up with it solely because he was starving. (London)8. Soames was but following in the footsteps of his father. (Galsworthy)9. I am interested only in man. Life I love and before death I am humble. (Saroyan)10. Just then the telephone rang. (Snow)11. Tom, you'll manage it and if you do I'll give you something ever so nice. (Twain)12. He needed the peculiar sympathy that a woman alone can give. (Locke)13. She ought to have written at once and told htm exactly what had happened. (Wells)14. I think, he's been a simply perfect father, so long as I can remember. (Galsworthy)15. They did not even look at him. (Faulkner)16. Not a career for a man of his ability. (Galsworthy)17. We followed him along the corridor... He never looked back, he never hesitated. (Collins)

GRAMMATICAL HOMONYMS

Exercise 1. State whether the boldfaced word is an adverb, a modal word, or a particle.1.

Miss Whitmore was

truly

taken by surprise. (Dreiser)2....the time had come in which she must speak to him

truly

. (Trollope)3. The hall looked

exactly

as it did when he used to dine there with Jack Herring. (Galsworthy)4. My mother knew so

exactly

how to dress. 5. You are coming

right

out into life — facing it all. (Wells)6. She would never persuade them that she had done

right

. (Wells)7. "You will be sure to come?" said Mr. Snodgrass. "Oh,

certainly

." (Dickens)8. Soames smiled.

Certainly

Uncle James had a way with him. (Galsworthy)9. Lammlein rose. "We have fulfilled our obligations," he said pompously, and yet not quite

certainly

. (Heym)10. Tom, you'll manage it and if you do I'll give you something

ever

so nice. (Twain)11. I don't think I shall ever be afraid of you again, Bessie. (Си. Bronte) 12. Fleur having declared that it was "

simply

too wonderful to stay indoors," they all went out. (Galsworthy)13.-She looked at him

simply

, directly... (Dreiser)14. They

just

came in. They are sitting in number 7 booth. (This is America)15. I'll

just

tap and ask them to come out. (Dreiser)16. I don't know

just

what to do. (Dreiser)17. What are they that they should judge us?

Yet

they do unhesitatingly. (Shaw)18. There was

yet

another source of difference between us. (Dickens)19. But the gentleman had not finished his requests

yet

. (Priestley) 20. "I had another reason for suspecting the deceased woman," he said, "which appears to me to have been stronger

still."

(Collins)21. He had no purpose in going about the room, but he was not

still

a moment. (Dickens)22....Charlie felt sure that she was

still

somewhere in London. (Priestley) 23. Old Mr. Ablewhite

never

made his appearance that night. (Collins)24. Mrs. Reed was blind and deaf on the subject. She

never

saw him strike or heard him abuse me. (Ch. Bronte)25. To be loved beautifully was

surely

the crown and climax of her being. (Wells)26. Slowly,

surely

, with the secret inner process that works the destruction of an old tree, the poison of the wounds to his happiness, his will, his pride, had corroded the comely edifice of his philosophy. (Galsworthy)27. In turn, each of these brothers was very different from the other, yet they,

too

, were alike. (Galsworthy) 28. They said of him that he was

too

serious. (This is America)

Exercise 2. State whether the boldfaced word is an adverb or a preposition.

1. Somebody

outside

pulled at the door. (Greene) 2.

Outside

it was getting dark. (Hemingway)3. It was a nice little place and he liked the high mountain hauling up

beyond

. (Hemingway)4.

Outside

, and

beyond

the road, lay the Park. (Murdoch)5. There, just

inside

the door, stood a wide, shallow tray full of pots of pink lilies. (Mansfield)6. It was dark

inside

. (Hemingway)7. He wandered

down

the street again. (Lindsay)8. He dressed for dinner early and was first

down

. (Galsworthy)9. I drove back

up

the narrow road. (Hemingway)10. They mounted

up

and

up

, through the musty smell of an old close house, little used, to a large garret bedroom. (Dickens)II. It was just that he had never really looked into a human face

before

. (Warren)12. The afternoon

before

the attack was spent in putting the boats ready.

Exercise 3. State whether the boldfaced word is an adverb, a conjunction, a preposition, or a postposition.

1. They were reluctant to interfere

in

their niece's private affairs. (Lindsay) 2. A cool March air came

in

Part II. SYNTAX

THE SIMPLE SENTENCE

Exercise 1. Define the kinds of sentences according to the purpose of the utterance.

Laura was terribly nervous. Tossing the velvet ribbon over her shoulder, she said to a woman standing by, "Is this Mrs. Scott's house?" and the woman, smiling queerly, said, "It is, my lass." Oh, to be away from this! She actually said, "Help me God!" as she walked up the tiny path and knocked. To be away from these staring eyes, or to be covered up in anything, one of those women's shawls even! I'll just leave the basket and go, she decided. I shan't even wait for it to be emptied.

Then the door opened. A little woman in black showed in the gloom.

Laura said, "Are you Mrs. Scott?" But to her horror the woman answered, "Walk in, please, miss," arid she was shut in the passage. "No," said Laura, "I don't want to come in. I only want to leave this basket."

The little woman in the gloomy passage seemed not to hear her. "Step this way, please, miss," she said in an oily voice, and Laura followed her. (Mansfield)

Exercise 2. Define the type of question

1. "Who is he?" I said. "And why does he sit always alone, with his back to us too?" (Mansfield)2. "Did she have a chill?" he asked, his eyes upon the floor. (Cronin)3. You have Mr. Eden's address, haven't you, Mr. Ends? (London)4. Is literature less human than the architecture and sculpture of Egypt? (London)5. We shall be having some sort of celebration for the bride, shan't we, Mr. Crawley? (Du Maurier)6. "Can I see the manager?" I said, and added politely, "alone." (Leacock) 7. When had the carriage been back from taking Miss June to the station? (Galsworthy)8. What is the meaning of that? She is going to live in the house, isn't she? (Galsworthy)9. He couldn't understand what Irene found wrong with him: it was not as if he drank. Did he run into debt, or gamble or swear? (Galsworthy)10. Were you talking about the house? I haven't seen it yet, you know. Shall we all go on Sunday? (Galsworthy)11. Don't you realize it's quite against the rules to have him. (Cronin)12. How will you carry the bill into effect? Can you commit a whole country to their own prisons? (Byron)