Светлые века. Путешествие в мир средневековой науки - Себ Фальк
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114
Leonardo da Vinci, Codex Madrid I, f. 12r, http://leonardo.bne.es/index.html; North, God's Clockmaker (см. прим. 32), 182–190.
115
Изменения скорости Солнца во время его движения по зодиакальному кругу сегодня понимается как следствие эллиптической орбиты Земли.
116
Часы, не уступающие в сложности, были сделаны в Падуе (Италия) в 1360-х годах. Они назывались Астрариум. См. Giovanni Dondi dall'Orologio, Tractatus astrarii, ed. and tr. E. Poulle (Geneva, 2003).
117
L. Watson, K. McCann, and H. Horton, 'Big Ben: Why Has Westminster's Great Bell Been Silenced – and for How Long?' The Telegraph, August 21, 2017, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/08/21/big-ben-roweverything-need-know-westminsters-great-bell-silenced/.
118
Rule of Benedict (см. прим. 24), 11.13, p. 41.
119
Knowles, The Monastic Order in England (см. прим. 4), 462–464, 455–456; GASA (см. прим. 3), 2: 441–442, 1: 194, 207–209; North, Richard of Wallingford (см. прим. 32), 2: 532–538.
120
University of Aberdeen MS 123, f. 84r.
121
R.M. Kully, 'Cisiojanus: comment savoir le calendrier par coeur,' in Jeux de mémoire: aspects de la mnémotechnie médiévale (Montreal, 1985), 149–156.
122
Greatrex, English Benedictine Cathedral Priories (см. прим. 2), 66.
123
Hugh of St Victor, 'The Three Best Memory-Aids for Learning History', ed. W. M. Green, 'Hugo of St. Victor: De Tribus Maximis Circumstantiis Gestorum,' Speculum 18 (1943): 484–493; tr. in M. Carruthers, The Book of Memory: A Study of Memory in Medieval Culture (Cambridge, 2nd ed. 2008), 339–344. Языковая школа Linguisticator явно использует средневековые техники запоминания (https://linguisticator.com).
124
Carruthers, The Book of Memory (см. прим. 47), 1–4.
125
J.G. Clark, A Monastic Renaissance at St. Albans: Thomas Walsingham and His Circle, c. 1350–1440 (Oxford, 2004), 54–55; British Library MS Lansdowne 763, ff. 97v-104r, http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=lansdowne_ms_763_f098v; GASA (см. прим. 3), 2: 106.
126
Alexander of Villedieu, Massa Compoti, in W. E. Van Wijk (ed.), Le nombre d'or: étude de chronologie technique suivie du texte de la Massa compoti d'Alexandre de Villedieu (La Haye, 1936), 55. See also L. Means, ''Ffor as Moche as Yche Man May Not Haue Þe Astrolabe': Popular Middle English Variations on the Computus,' Speculum 67 (1992): 595–623, at 606; L. Thorndike, 'Unde Versus,' Traditio 11 (1955): 163–193, at 168–171.
127
Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Ashmole 1522, f. 190r.
128
Bede, The Reckoning of Time, ch. 40, ed. and tr. F. Wallis (Liverpool, 2004), 109–110; C.P.E. Nothaft, Scandalous Error: Calendar Reform and Calendrical Astronomy in Medieval Europe (Oxford, 2018), 25–26.
129
Nothaft, Scandalous Error (см. прим. 52), 57–58.
130
Oxford, St John's College MS 17 (Thorney, 12th century), http://digital.library.mcgill.ca/ms-17. Сент-Олбанский манускрипт того же периода хранится в Лондоне, в Британской библиотеке под номером MS 12 F II.
131
Основная хронологическая таблица, составленная скифским монахом Дионисием Малым, была основана на более ранних пасхальных таблицах; C.P.E. Nothaft, Dating the Passion: The Life of Jesus and the Emergence of Scientific Chronology (200–1600) (Leiden, 2011), 75–76.
132
Bede, The Reckoning of Time (см. прим. 52), ch. 43, p. 115; Nothaft, Scandalous Error, 61–64.
133
Hermann of Reichenau, Abbreviatio compoti, ch. xxv, edited in N. Germann, De temporum ratione: Quadrivium und Gotteserkenntnis am Beispiel Abbos von Fleury und Hermanns von Reichenau (Leiden, 2006), 326.
134
Herrad of Hohenburg, Hortus Deliciarum, ff. 318v-321v; R. Green et al. (London, 1979), 496–502. O. Pedersen, 'The Ecclesiastical Calendar and the Life of the Church,' in Gregorian Reform of the Calendar ed. G. V. Coyne, M. A. Hoskin, and O. Pedersen (Vatican City, 1983): 75–113, at 60–61.
135
L. White, 'Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator', Technology and Culture 2 (1961): 97–111; J. Paz, 'Human Flight in Early Medieval England: Reality, Reliability, and Mythmaking (or Science and Fiction)', New Medieval Literatures 15 (2013): 1–28; Leonardo da Vinci, Codex Madrid I, Biblioteca Nacional de España Ms. 8937, f. 64r, http://leonardo.bne.es/index.html.
136
Walcher of Malvern, De lunationibus and De dracone, ed. C.P.E. Nothaft (Turnhout, 2017).
137
Cambridge University Library MS Ii.6.11, f. 99r. See J. Tolan, Petrus Alfonsi and His Medieval Readers (Gainesville, 1993), 74–82, 182–204.
138
Walcher, De dracone 2.2 (см. прим. 59), 199.
139
Oxford, Corpus Christi College MSS 157 (http://image.ox.ac.uk/show-allopenings?collection=corpus&manuscript=ms157) and 283, and Bodl. MS Auct. F.1.9. Таблицы Аль-Хорезми: O. Neugebauer, ed., The Astronomical Tables of Al-Khwārizmi (Copenhagen, 1962); and R. Mercier, 'Astronomical Tables in the Twelfth Century,' in Adelard of Bath: An English Scientist and Arabist of the Early Twelfth Century, ed. C. Burnett (London, 1987): 87–118.
140
Roger Bacon, Opus Tertium, ch. 67, in Opera Quaedam Hactenus Inedita, ed. J. S. Brewer (London, 1859), 1: 272; J. D. North, 'The Western Calendar – "Intolerabilis, Horribilis, et Derisibilis"; Four Centuries of Discontent,' in Gregorian Reform of the Calendar (прим. 58): 75–113, North, The Universal Frame: Historical Essays in Astronomy, Natural Philosophy and Scientific Method (London, 1989): 39–77, at 46–48.
141
Chantilly, Musée Condé MS 65, ff. 1v-13r, http://bitly.com/TRHeures; столбец, помеченный 'Nombre d'or nouvel' содержит новые числа, выделенные золотом; C.P.E. Nothaft, 'The Astronomical Data in the Très Riches Heures and Their Fourteenth-Century Source,' Journal for the History of Astronomy 46 (2015): 113–129; C.P.E. Nothaft, 'Science at the Papal Palace: Clement VI and the Calendar Reform Project of 1344/45,' Viator 46 (2015): 277–302.
142
Пер. Н. Любимова.
143
François Rabelais, Pantagruel, ch. 1 (Paris, 1988), 43–45.
144
The Kalendarium of Nicholas of Lynn, ed. S. Eisner (Athens, GA, 1980).
145
Bede, The Reckoning of Time (прим. 52), ch. 55, pp. 137–139.
146
The Hand of Guido', in J. E. Murdoch, Album of Science: Antiquity and the Middle Ages (New York, 1984), 81. C. Burnett, 'The Instruments Which Are the Proper Delights of the Quadrivium: Rhythmomachy and Chess in the Teaching of Arithmetic in Twelfth-Century England,' Viator 28 (1997): 175–201. Доска для игры в ритмомахию из францисканского монастыря в Ковентри хранится в Тринити-колледже в Кембридже: MS R.15.16, f. 60r, http://trin-sitespub.trin.cam.ac.uk/james/viewpage.php?index=1168.
147
GASA (см. прим. 3), 2: 306, 302.
